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From: Tom Christiansen <tchrist@mox.perl.com>
Newsgroups: comp.lang.perl.misc,comp.lang.perl.announce
Subject: PDSC Recipes for Hashes of Lists (part 2 of 5)
Followup-To: comp.lang.perl.misc
Date: 2 Oct 1995 01:51:59 GMT
Organization: Perl Consulting and Training
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	    PDSC: The Perl Data Structures Cookbook 
		    part 2 of 5: Hashes of Lists

		    by Tom Christiansen 
		    <tchrist@perl.com>

		    release 0.1 (untested, may have typos)
		    Sunday, 1 October 1995

Declaration of a HASH OF LISTS:

    %HoL = ( 
	   "flintstones"	=> [ "fred", "barney" ],
	   "jetsons"		=> [ "george", "jane", "elroy" ],
	   "simpsons"		=> [ "homer", "marge", "bart" ],
         );

Generation:

    # reading from file
    # flintstones: fred barney wilma dino
    while ( <> ) {
	next unless s/^(.*?):\s*//;
	$HoL{$1} = [ split ];
    }

    # reading from file; more temps
    # flintstones: fred barney wilma dino
    while ( $line = <> ) {
	($who, $rest) = split /:\s*/, $line, 2;
	@fields = split ' ', $rest;
	$HoL{$who} = [ @fields ];
    }

    # calling a function that returns a list
    for $group ( "simpsons", "jetsons", "flintstones" ) {
	$HoL{$group} = [ get_family($group) ];
    }

    # likewise, but using temps
    for $group ( "simpsons", "jetsons", "flintstones" ) {
	@members = get_family($group);
	$HoL{$group} = [ @members ];
    }

    # append new members to an existing family
    push @{ $HoL{"flintstones"} }, "wilma", "betty";


Access and Printing:

    # one element
    $HoL{flintstones}[0] = "Fred";

    # another element
    $HoL{simpsons}[1] =~ s/(\w)/\u$1/;

    # print the whole thing 
    foreach $family ( keys %HoL ) {
	print "$family: @{ $HoL{$family} }\n"
    }

    # print the whole thing with indices
    foreach $family ( keys %HoL ) {
	print "family: ";
	foreach $i ( 0 .. $#{ $HoL{$family} ) {
	    print " $i = $HoL{$family}[$i]";
	}
	print "\n";
    }

    # print the whole thing sorted by number of members
    foreach $family ( sort { @{$HoL{$b}} <=> @{$HoL{$b}} } keys %HoL ) {
	print "$family: @{ $HoL{$family} }\n"
    }
    # print the whole thing sorted by number of members and name
    foreach $family ( sort { @{$HoL{$b}} <=> @{$HoL{$a}} } keys %HoL ) {
	print "$family: ", join(", ", sort @{ $HoL{$family}), "\n";
    }
    

.