Subj : A Brand New Look! To : Richard Menedetter From : Maurice Kinal Date : Mon Jun 04 2018 15:28:39 Hallo Richard! RM> ISO is a standards organization that DOES standardize character RM> encodings. Yes they do. Not only that they register all the proper aliases, including for iso-8859-1. RM> And maybe you too also have the imagination to delete the dash in RM> your mind. I am not a tosser nor an editor. As of this writing neither of the computers I am currently deploying have the imagination to delete anything other than what they are programmed to delete. Both have access to iconv to convert back and forth to utf-8 when required but since the 8 bit encodings cannot be readily identified, as well as misidentification by well meaning FTSC types, they stick to utf-8 which they can readily identify; -={ echo "A Møøse once bit my sister ..." | file -b - }=- UTF-8 Unicode text The same will not work with 8 bit encodings which is why a kludge is required. However a kludge is most often wrong or poorly identified such as LATIN-1. For the record ascii is fine; -={ echo "A Moose once bit my sister ..." | file -b - }=- ASCII text :-) Het leven is goed, Maurice .... Huil niet om mij, ik heb vi. --- GNU bash, version 4.4.19(1)-release (x86_64-bonnell-linux-gnu) * Origin: Little Mikey's EuroPoint - Ladysmith BC, Canada (2:280/464.113) .