(IMG) Wild bird of planet earth
       
       Citizen of the World by Oliver Goldsmith
       
       Book review from 2009.
       
       A collection of letters from a fictional Chinese philosopher who
       visits England in the mid-1700's. The style is similar to Goldsmith
       Friend Abroad and also other writings by Mark Twain. I read an
       edition that included more modern typography, explanatory footnotes
       and woodcut illustrations. I was surprised how philosophical some o
       the letters were, and in some cases almost satirical.
       
       The preface starts by introducing a poetical scale, which maxes out
       20 and reminds me a little of ADND.
       
       In letter XV the Chinese philosopher advocates vegetarianism to avo
       cruelty to animals.
       
       In letter XVII the Chinese philosopher discusses the English and
       French dispute over the northwest American territories. He says tha
       it is bad for territories to become too populated, because then the
       become too powerful and independent. "Yet, obvious as these truths
       are, there are many Englishmen who are for transplanting new coloni
       into this late acquisition, for peopling the deserts of America wit
       the refuse of their countrymen, and (as they express it) with the
       waste of an exuberant nation. But who are those unhappy creatures w
       are to be thus drained away? Not the sickly, for they are unwelcome
       guests abroad as well as at home; nor the idle, for they would star
       as well behind the Appalachian mountains as in the streets of Londo
       This refuse is composed of the laborious and enterprising-of such m
       as can be serviceable to their country at home-of men who ought to 
       regarded as the sinews of the people, and cherished with every degr
       of political indulgence. And what are the commodities which this
       colony, when established, are to produce in return? Why, raw silk,
       hemp, and tobacco. England, therefore, must make an exchange of her
       best and bravest subjects for raw silk, hemp, and tobacco; her hard
       veterans and honest tradesmen must be trucked for a box of snuff or
       silk petticoat. Strange absurdity! Surely the politics of the Daure
       are not more strange, who sell their religion, their wives, and the
       liberty for a glass bead, or a paltry pen-knife."
       
       Letter XXV uses simple language to describe the natural rise and
       decline of nations.
       
       Letter LXXXII argued that "In order to make the sciences useful in 
       country it must first become populous ... The sciences are not the
       cause of luxury, but its consequence." This is a subtle argument.
       Luxury may produce laws and science, but science may produce an
       infrastructure that is not a luxury. A luxury in the context of the
       18th century may have become a matter of life or death in the conte
       of 21st century population density.
       
       Letter CXXI asserted that reason contributes to confusion and
       injustice. "The man who examines a complicated subject on every sid
       and calls in reason to his assistance, will frequently change; will
       find himself distracted by opposing probabilities and contending
       proofs; every alteration of place will diversify the prospect, will
       give some latent argument new force, and contribute to maintain an
       anarchy in the mind." The letter argues that a totalitarian governm
       of ignorant subjects, though less reasonable, is safer because it i
       more stable and predictable. "It is extremely difficult to induce a
       number of free beings to cooperate for their mutual benefit; every
       possible advantage will necessarily be sought, and every attempt to
       procure it must be attended with a new fermentation; various reason
       will lead different ways, and equity and advantage will often be
       out-balanced by a combination of clamour and prejudice."
       
        title: The Citizen Of The World
        author: Goldsmith, Oliver, 1730-1774
        LOC: PR3485 .C5
 (HTM)  source: Archive.org
       
 (DIR) BenCollver - Phlog
       ___________________________________________________________________
                       Gophered by Gophernicus/3.1.1 on OpenBSD/amd64 7.6