From camori@stgeorges.bc.ca Sun Oct 7 12:50:01 2001 Received: from mailscan6.cac.washington.edu (mailscan6.cac.washington.edu [140.142.33.14]) by lists.u.washington.edu (8.11.6+UW01.08/8.11.6+UW01.08) with SMTP id f97Jo0N120814 for ; Sun, 7 Oct 2001 12:50:00 -0700 Received: FROM mxu2.u.washington.edu BY mailscan6.cac.washington.edu ; Sun Oct 07 12:50:00 2001 -0700 Received: from pop3.stgeorges.bc.ca (host-019.nbc.netcom.ca [216.123.150.19] (may be forged)) by mxu2.u.washington.edu (8.11.6+UW01.08/8.11.6+UW01.08) with SMTP id f97Jnwu07233 for ; Sun, 7 Oct 2001 12:49:58 -0700 Received: from f4a1i1 ([216.123.150.57]) by pop3.stgeorges.bc.ca; Sun, 07 Oct 2001 12:51:00 -0700 Message-ID: <00a201c14f6b$d12d81c0$39967bd8@f4a1i1> From: "Catherine A. Mori" To: References: <3BBDFFCD.F7563737@home.com> Subject: Re: coins in Judaea Date: Sun, 7 Oct 2001 12:37:56 -0700 MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="iso-8859-1" Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit X-Priority: 3 X-MSMail-Priority: Normal X-Mailer: Microsoft Outlook Express 5.00.2615.200 X-MimeOLE: Produced By Microsoft MimeOLE V5.00.2615.200 Thank you, it does help. C.Mori ----- Original Message ----- From: Jeffrey B. Gibson To: Sent: Friday, October 05, 2001 11:45 AM Subject: Re: coins in Judaea Catherine Mori wrote: > I don't have access to this paper. Could you tell me the upshot? C.Mori > There are, if I recall correctly, some photos of the coins there. But the data is this: The tax (referred to in Mk 12:13-17 and parallels) was calculated, and its payment conducted in, two types of denarii: first, from the inception of the tax until 15 C.E., in the denarius of Augustus, and then, from 15 C.E. onwards, in that of Tiberius. The denarius of Augustus was a coin which bore on its obverse a laureated head or bust of the emperor along with the inscription CAESAR AVGVSTVS DIVI F PATER PATRIAE (= Caesar Augustus, Divi Filius, Pater Patriae, `Caesar Augustus, Son of God, Father of His Country'), and on the reverse a depiction of the imperial princes, Gaius and Lucius, each with a spear in his hand, which was set on a background of crossed spears, with a star representing heavenly sanction, an image of the stipulum, the ladle employed by Roman priests in their libations, and the litius of the augurate together with the inscription PRINCIPES IUVENTUTIS (`Leaders of Youth') also adorning the depiction. The denarius of Tiberius was a coin which on its obverse bore both the legend TI CAESAR DIVI AVG F AVGVSTVS (= Tiberius Caesar Divi Augusti Filius Augustus, `Tiberius Caesar, Son of the Divine Augustus, Augustus!') as well as an image of Tiberius laureate, and on its reverse side a depiction of a seated lady (perhaps Livia) as Pax with a palm(?) branch in her left hand and an inverted spear in her right, and the inscription PONTIF MAXIM (= Pontifex Maximus, `High Priest' i.e., of the Roman State) referring to Tiberius Hope this helps. Yours, Jeffrey Gibson -- Jeffrey B. Gibson, D.Phil. (Oxon.) 1500 W. Pratt Blvd. Floor 1 Chicago, Illinois 60626 e-mail jgibson000@home.com .