Subj : Re: Do all programming languages use files? To : comp.programming From : Patricia Shanahan Date : Fri Sep 02 2005 04:10 pm Michael Wojcik wrote: > In article <11hd0uai83b1091@corp.supernews.com>, "Baxter" writes: > >>Still, Palm and various microcontrollers use C and have NO file I/O. > > > The standard clearly explains the differences between hosted and > freestanding implementations, and we have been discussing the former; > that was made explicit in several messages. > I think the point is that the freestanding version of standard C is a programming language, does not have an inherent concept of "file", and there are real implementations of C that do not add "file" to the language. Given that, the answer to the subject line question is "No". Of course, one could change the question to "Do all hosted programming languages use files?" with a definition of "hosted", but that is not what was originally asked. Patricia .