Subj : #include <string> vs #include <string.h>
To   : borland.public.cpp.borlandcpp
From : I.candide
Date : Mon Feb 21 2005 11:09 am


Hello - 

Borland C++ 5.02 is doing something I do not understand.

This is the code that came on the main cd as part of the ebook: How To C++.

// File: filerea2.cpp
// Example for C++ How-To
// This program shows an effective way to read from a file using
// arrays of char.
// Copyright 1998, Jan Walter
// NO WARRANTY. If this code breaks you get to keep both pieces.

// Compiler verificiation:
// Borland C++ 5.01A:    Yes
// DJGPP 2.01 w. GCC 2.81 :  Yes
// Watcom 10.5:     Not Tried
// Microsoft VC++ 4:   Yes
// Microsoft VC++ 5:   Yes
// Microsoft VC++ 6:   Yes
// GCC 2.7.2/Linux:    Not tried
// GCC/EGCS/Linux:    Yes

#include <iostream>
#include <fstream>
#include <strstream>

#ifdef __BORLANDC__
#pragma hdrstop
#endif

#include <string.h>

using namespace std ;

int main( int argc , char** argv )
{

 if( argc != 2 )
   {
       cout << endl
            << "Usage: fileread <filename>" << endl
            << "This program calculates the number of words, lines, and" << endl
            << "average word length in a file." << endl ;
      return 1 ;
   }



 int words = 0, lines = 0, totallen = 0 ;

   // allocate a large string out of freestore
   char* temp = new char[128] ;
   char tmpstring[45] ;

   // ios::nocreate is not part of the VC++ Implementation of STL
   // See the Visual C++ Users Guide Article Titled - Differences in iostream Implementation
   ifstream infile( argv[1], /*ios::nocreate | */ ios::in ) ;

   while( infile.getline( temp, 128 ) )
   {
  strstream buffer ;
      int pwords = words ;
      lines ++ ;
      buffer << temp << ends ;

      while( buffer >> tmpstring && strlen( tmpstring ))
      {
       words ++ ;
         totallen += strlen( tmpstring ) ;
      }
      cout << (words - pwords) << ": " << temp << endl ;
   }

   delete[] temp ;
   double avglen = 0 ;
   if( words ) avglen = (double) totallen / (double) words ;

   cout  << endl
         << "Statistics for file: " << argv[1] << endl
         << endl
         << "Number of lines:  " << lines << endl
         << "Number of words:  " << words << endl
         << "Avg. Word Length: " << avglen << endl ;

   return 0 ;
}
// end of file

~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

when I compile it as it stands I get the following error:

Info :Building...
Info :Compiling C:\CODE\filerea2.cpp
Error:  filerea2.cpp(28,22):Namespace name expected

~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

when I ask for an explination, I get:

Namespace name expected Compiler message
The name of a namespace symbol was expected.

~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

So when I change line 7 of the code to read:

#include <string.h>

and compile it I get:

Info :Building...
Info :Compiling C:\CODE\filerea2.cpp
Warn :  string.h(549,3):Functions containing for are not expanded inline
Warn :  string.h(557,3):Functions containing while are not expanded inline
Warn :  string.h(563,3):Functions containing for are not expanded inline
Warn :  string.h(575,3):Functions containing for are not expanded inline
Warn :  string.cc(686,32):Comparing signed and unsigned values
Info :Linking C:\CODE\filerea2.exe

~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

and the explanation:

Functions containing reserved words are not expanded inline Compiler warning
Also:
Functions containing local destructors are not expanded inline in function 'function'

(Command-line option to suppress warning: -w-inl)

Reserved Words

Functions containing any of these reserved words can't be expanded inline, even when specified as inline:

  break
  case
  continue
  do
  for
  goto
  switch
  while

The function is still perfectly legal, but will be treated as an ordinary static (not global) function.
A copy of the function will appear in each compilation unit where it is called.

Local Destructors

You've created an inline function for which the compiler turns off inlining. You can ignore this warning; the function will be generated out of line.

~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

How do I get the compiler to accept both instructions?

Does not 

<string>

mean the same thing as:

<string.h>?

I know that I can suppress the message, but the explanation leads me to believe that the compiler will create extranious code when I include <string.h>.  I was taught that good programming does not include extranious code.

Thank you for your help.

Earl
i.candide@verizon.net

.