Andre Gunder Frank BIBLIO-BIOGRAPHY 96 Asquith Ave. Toronto, Ont. Canada M4W 1J8 Tel:416-972 0616 Fax:416-972 0017 & 978 3963 e-mail: agfrank@epas.utoronto.ca PERSONAL AND PROFESSIONAL Andre Gunder Frank is a member of the Graduate Faculty of Sociology at the University of Toronto and Professor Emeritus of Economics and Social Sciences at the University of Amsterdam. Born in Berlin in l929 and a German citizen, he is married to University of Toronto Professor Nancy Howell. Frank was educated in the United States, received a Ph D in economics at the University of Chicago in 1957 and the Doctorat d'Etat at the University of Paris in 1978. He speaks and reads English, French, Spanish, Portuguese, Italian, German and Dutch and has taught in departments of anthropology, economics, history, political science and sociology at universities in Europe, North and Latin America. International recognition of his work includes being named the first "Eminent Senior Scholar" in International Political Economy by the International Studies Association [1989], the grant of a research award by the MacArthur Foundation [1990], being named to the editorial boards of a half dozen academic journals, and entries in Who's Who In the World and a half dozen other biographical dictionaries. The Underdevelopment of Development: Essays in Honor of Andre Gunder Frank by 17 contributors and edited by Sing Chew and Robert Denemark [Thousand Oaks/London: Sage Publications 1996], contains a bibliography of 880 publications in 27 languages by Frank between 1955 and 1995. These include 36 books in 126 different language editions, 158 chapters in 134 edited books, and over 350 articles in about 600 periodicals in many languages. The International Institute of Social History in Amsterdam has archived and catalogued these periodical publications, and 11 shelf meters of Frank's surviving original manuscripts, interviews, correspondence, and other professional and personal documents. Frank's writings have also been extensively discussed in scores of books by other authors and in over 3,000 periodical articles listed in the Social Science Citation Index in fields like anthropology, communications, criminology, development, ecology, economics, education, ethnic studies, geography, health, history, humanities, international relations, law, nursing, peasant studies, planning, political science, psychology, sociology, tourism, urbanism, and in journals in and area studies on Africa, Asia, China, Europe, India, Latin and North America. WORKS ON CONTEMPORARY PROBLEMS IN HISTORICAL PERSPECTIVE Early interests and publications were primarily in the analysis of social organization and change, Third World development, and the Soviet Economy, including a PhD thesis comparing productivity changes in agriculture and industry in the Ukraine. After moving to Latin America in 1962, research, publications and teaching focused primarily on developing a theory of "dependence and development of underdevelopment." It became known especially through the book Capitalism and Underdevelopment in Latin America [l967], with 40 printings of over 120,000 copies in 9 languages. This work was first extended to include the "Third" and "Second" ["Socialist"] World elsewhere and then to encompass the historical and contemporary process of capital accumulation and the structure of the world economy and system as a whole. The main resulting publications, World Accumulation 1492-1789 and Dependent Accumulation and Underdevelopment [1978], were written in Chile before the 1973 military coup. After then moving to Europe, for the next two decades work concentrated on contemporary international political economy and the present world economic crisis of capital accumulation. Its first identification in lectures and publications in 1972 and 1973 predicted that the economic crisis would be world-wide, that it would increasingly integrate the "socialist" economies, and that export promotion would be widely imposed and enforced in the Third World through military coups and other forms of political repression. The 1973-75 recession was analyzed as no "oil shock," but as one in a series of successive and ever deeper recessions in this ongoing world economic crisis. Several articles argued how that crisis would oblige "policy" makers North and South, West and East, first to replace post war expansive Keynesian polices with monetarist ones of "stabilization." and then to lose control over the world -- and a forteriori over any "national" -- economy altogether. These lectures and articles appeared in Reflections on the World Economic Crisis [1981] and in the related books Crisis: In the World Economy and Crisis: In the Third World [1980/81]. Work on the economic and debt crisis continued through the 1980s and forecast the formation of US-European-Japanese economic blocs and a still more severe next recession with titles like "Is the Reagan Recovery Real or the Calm Before the Storm?" [1986], "Perils of Economic Ramboism," and "Illusions of Recovery and Threats of Deflation and Depression in the World Economy"[1987]. The analysis of the world economic crisis was also extended to the "socialist" economies that had already been examined under the title "Long Live Transideological Enterprise! The Socialist Countries in the International Division of Labor" [1976]. The theme was extended in The European Challenge [1983]. It argued that, all ideology notwithstanding, Pan-European union is possible and desireable, though the East would necessarily be dependent on the West. In 1989 still before the Berlin Wall came down, this analysis was applied to the desireability of the European Union's extension eastward in connection with its programmed deepening in 1992. The renewed and once again deeper and wider world economic recession since 1989 occasioned analysis and prevision of its dire consquences for the European East, specifically including Yugoslavia and the Soviet Union, whose breakup was predicted in 1991 and published [1990-94] by UNESCO as "World Economic Interpretation of Politics in East and West Europe," and elsewhere as "A World Economic Interpretation of What Went Wrong in the Soviet Union and Eastern Europe," "Revolution in Eastern Europe: Lessons for Democratic Social Movements (and for Socialists?)" etc. Social movements and their cycles over the past two centuries were also examined with Marta Fuentes in several "theses" on womens, environmental, peace, peasant and other movements in the West, East and South in "Civil Democracy: Social Movements in Recent World History" in Transforming the Revolution written with Amin, Arrighi and Wallerstein [1990], and in studies of the Gulf War. HISTORICAL RESEARCH WITH CONTEMPORARY AND FUTURE IMPLICATIONS The earlier concern with the last 500 years of "capitalist" world economic development since 1500 has recently been extended backwards to study the past 5,000 years -- and to search out this longer perspective's implications for modern world history and alternative social theory. Several articles from the early 90s are included in The World System: Five Hunderd Years or Five Thousand? edited with Barry K. Gills [1993]. They pose a humanocentric challenge to Eurocentrism, which argues that the contemporary world system has a long history in which the rise to dominance of Europe and the West are only recent - and perhaps passing - events. The main theoretical categories are: 1. The world system itself, its structure, process and transformation. 2. Capital accumulation as the motor force of [world system] history. 3. Center-periphery relations in the world, which however are not necessarily system-wide. 4. Periodic alternation between regional hegemonies and succession rivalries, although world system-wide hegemony appears rare or inexistent. 5. Long [and short] economic cycles of alternating ascending ["A"] phases and descending ["B"] phases in world system-wide economic growth and the other abovementioned features, and their "regional" impact in Central Asia, Latin America, and Europe. This work includes the identification and dating of 500 year long world system wide political economic and also ecological cycles from 3000 BC to the 1750 AD, whose existence and dating others have largely confirmed by others using city size data in 3 independent tests. The far-reaching implications for the reinterpretation of modern history and social theory are exmined in Global Development 1400-1800 [forthcoming]. It examines the world economic division of labor and imbalances of trade settled by money and examines how their growth promoted increased population, production, income, productivity, money and trade as well as the development of technology and institutions around the world. Inter-regional comparisons and relations among the same demonstrate both the initial predominance and the continued more rapid and greater development of Asia, and especially of China and India, than of any part or all of Europe in the world economy between 1400 and 1800. The "Rise of the West" is shown to be a later [temporary?] shift of dominance from East to West, resulting from the structure and transformation in the world economy itself, whose whole is and must be analyzed as more than that of the sum of its parts. This world historical evidence and its analysis undercuts all received Eurocentric theory, which alleges that Europe pulled itself up by its bootstraps through a unique "European miracle" of "rationalism" and "scientific revolution" that developed "capitalism" in Europe and spread it to the world. That challenges all social theory of Marx, Weber and Tawney, through Sombart, Toynbee and Polanyi, to Braudel and Wallerstein, which we now need to replace to accomodate world unity in diversity.